Urakaza neza kuri Menya. Kwiyahura biri gufata indi ntera mu Rwanda aho nta minsi ingahe iri gushira mu binyamakuru hatanditswe inkuru ijyanye no kwiyahura.
Ese ubundi kwiyahura cyangwa se kubikora ni indwara? None se ni gute ikintu gisa nk’aho atari indwara gishobora kwandura? Iyi nyandiko iragufasha gusobanukirwa birambuye.
Nk’uko umuryango w’abibumbye wita ku buzima (WHO) ubigaragaza, ku isi buri mwaka abarenga 700,000 bapfa bazize kwiyahura (umuntu umwe buri masegonda 40 ariyahura).
Bisobanuye ko uri busoze gusoma iyi nyandiko abantu barenze umwe biyahuye.
Muri abo bose abagera kuri 77% baba ari abaturuka mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere (low and middle income countries).
Mu gihe kitarenze amezi 6 ku nzu y’ubucuruzi yitwa inkundamahoro iherereye nyabugogo hiyahuriye abantu barenga 3, babiri muri bo babikoze mu gihe kitarenze icyumweru, ibi bizwi nka “suicide cluster”.
Ibi bintu urumva bisanzwe se? Ibi bica amarenga ko kwiyahura bishobora gukwirakwira mu bantu mu buryo bumeze nko kwanduzanya. Ubwo se ntitwatekereza ko kwiyahura ni indwara!
Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo gishinzwe ubuzima mu Rwanda (RBC) mu bugaragaza ko ubuzima bwo mu mutwe mu banyarwanda buteye inkeke.
Kimwe mu bitera umubare mwinshi w’abantu kwiyahura harimo n’agahinda gakabije (Major Depression), mu Rwanda abarenga 11.9% barwaye iyi ndwara.
Indwara yo kwiyahura ni bwoko ki?
Ikigo gishinzwe kubungabunga ubuzima muri leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika (HHS) kivuga ko indwara yo kwiyahira ari indwara yandurwa n’umuntu iyo abonye undi yiyahura bigatuma nawe agira igitekerezo cyo kuba yakwiyahira.
Inyandiko yasohowe na headspace, igaragaza ko abantu bari mu myaka mito aribo baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura iyi ndwara.
Ubushakashatsi bwa RBC kandi nanone bukomeza bushimangira iyi ngingo aho bugaragaza ko 10.2% b’urubyiruko bari hagati y’imyaka 14 na 18 bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe.
WHO nayo ivuga ko kwiyahura aricyo kintu kintu cya 4 gitera imfu nyinshi mu bana b’ingimbi bari hagati y’imyaka 14 na 19.
Ikindi kandi umuntu ashobora gutizwa umurindi wo kwiyahura n’ibintu atabonye gusa, ahubwo n’inkuru zo mu binyamakuru zerekeranye no kwiyahura zishobora kuba intandaro y’iki gikorwa.
Kandi nanone ngo usanga iyi ndwara yibasira abantu bari bafitanye ihuriro n’uwiyahuye, urugero nk’abantu bari baziranye cyangwa bahuye n’uwiyahuye mbere gato y’uko yiyahura baba bashobora kugira iki gitekerezo.
Abandi bantu bashobora kwandura iyi ndwara ni abari bari mu bihe bimwe nawe (urugero nk’ibibazo by’ubuzima n’imibereho, ibibazo byo guhohoterwa cyangwa se ibindi byibasira ubuzima bwo mu mutwe) bishobora kubatiza umurindi.
Ikindi gishobora gutera ibi ni ukuba hari ahantu ha hafi uwo muntu yari ahuriye n’uwiyahuye, nko kuba yari uwo mu muryango, yari uwo mu muryango, umukunzi cyangwa se inshuti.
Headspace ikomeza ivuga kandi ko n’umuntu ashobora kubiterwa no kuba yahoraga ahurira n’uwitabye Imana mu bikorwa bitandukanye nko mu ngendo, akazi n’ibindi.
Ese koko kwiyahura ni indwara yandura?
Ese haba hari ihuriro riri hagati y’abagabo babiri baherutse kwiyambura ubuzima bikaba aribyo byatumye bafata icyemezo cyo kwiyahurira ahantu hamwe? Birashoboka! Kimwe n’uko bidashoboka.
Kuba kwiyahura byaba ari indwara cyangwa atari indwara nta bushakashatsi bwimbitse bwakozweho gusa usanga inyito ariyo igorana kumvikana.
Gusa, icyo inyandiko zose zihuriraho ni uko kuba umuntu yabona cyangwa akagira aho ahurira n’igikorwa cyo kwiyahura k’undi muntu bishobora gutuma nawe akigira.
Ibi bikomeza gushimangira ko n’ubwo kwiyahura atari indwara yandura mu buryo nk’ubw’izindi ndwara (igicurane, Coronavirus,…) ariko bigaragara ko bishobora kuva ku muntu umwe bijya ku wundi aricyo gituma bishobora kwitwa indwara.
Biragaragara cyane ko nta gikozwe mu Rwanda ndetse n’ahandi hatandukanye ku isi, imibare yo kwiyahura yarenga kwiyongera ahubwo igatumbagira.
Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe bigaragara ko ingaruka z’icyorezo cya COVID-19 nazo zishobora kuba intandaro y’ubu bwiyongere kubera ibibazo abantu bahura nabyo harimo nko gupfusha abantu, ubukene n’izindi ngaruka zitandukanye zerekeye imibereho.
Ni gute iyi ndwara yakirindwa?
Yego, kwiyahura ndetse no kwandura kw’iyi ndwara bishobora kwirindwa. Igitekerezo cyo kwiyahura umuntu ashobora kugikomora ku mpamvu nyinshi, rero mu gihe akomeje kudakurikiranwa cyangwa akabyihererana bishobora gushyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga.
Nk’uko twabibonye hejuru, ibi ntibigira ingaruka kuri we gusa bishobora kwanduza n’abandi bigatuma babyutsa cyangwa se bakaba bagira icyo gitekerezo.
Ibi rero bishobora kwirindwa mu buryo bukurikira; gushyira kure ibikoresho bishobora kwifashishwa mu kwiyahura, harimo intwaro imiti ndetse n’ibindi…
Ikindi harimo kwegera abanyamwuga bashinzwe gukurikirana no kuganiriza abantu bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe kugira ngo bakurikirane urwaye.
Ubushakashatsi kandi bwerekana ko hari ikigero gihari (13%) cyo kuba abantu bakiyahura nyuma y’uko ibitangazamakuru bisohoye inkuru ivuga ku muntu wiyambuye ubuzima [umubare (sample) w’abakoreweho ubushakashatsi ni muto].
Ariyo mpamvu HHS ikangurira ibinyamakuru kudatanga amakuru yose yerekeye uwiyahuye harimo nko kuvuga uburyo yakoresheje kuko ibi boshobora gutera abandi bantu kubyigana.
Igihe kandi umenye umuntu ugaragaza ibimenyetso byo kwiyahura ushobora kumuganiriza cyangwa ukabimenyesha inzego z’ubuzima kugira ngo bamukurikiranire hafi.
Wakoze gusoma iyi nkuru, niba ukunze iyi nyandiko cyangwa se ufite igitekerezo ushaka kongeraho, wasiga ubutumwa muri comment ahagana hasi tukungurana ibitekerezo.
Niba ukunda inyandiko za Menya ushobora kujya umenyeshwa muri Email yawe mu gihe inyandiko nshya zasohotse bitakugoye. Nyura muri form iri munsi!
