Imyuga 10 yavamo akazi ku rubyiruko rw’u Rwanda

U Rwanda ni igihugu kiri mu nzira y’amajyambere (developing country) ariko gifite ubukungu buri kwaguka mu buryo bwihuse. Ku mpuzandengo, ubukungu bw’u Rwanda buzamuka ku muvuduko (GDP growth rate) uri ku kigero cya 7%.

N’ubwo ubukungu buhagaze neza, ariko u Rwanda ruracyafite umukoro wo guhangana n’ikibazo cy’ubushomeri. Abantu binjira mu kigero cy’imyaka yo gukora biyongera umwaka ku wundi.

Ibi bisaba ko hafatwa ingamba zihuse kugira ngo abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni batagira uburyo bufatika bwo kubona akazi. Muri izi ngamba harimo no gutekereza harimo gutekereza imirimo mishya ifite ubushobozi bwo gutanga amahirwe y’akazi gahoraho.

Imirimo mishya (nk’imirimo ifite aho ihuriye n’ubwenge buhangano (artificial intelligence)) igenda izana amahirwe mashya y’akazi mu gihe indi nayo igenda icyura igihe.

Kumenya imirimo n’imyuga igezweho bishobora gufasha abakiri bato gukoresha ubwo buryo bafite. Muri iyi nyandiko, Menya iragaruka ku mirimo 10 ishobora gutanga amahirwe y’akazi ku rubyiruko mu Rwanda.

1. Ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (Agriculture)

Ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ni inkingi ikomeye y’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda, ariko urubyiruko rwinshi ntirubifata nk’umwuga ushobora kubateza imbere. Ubuhinzi bw’u Rwanda bugize 15% by’umusaruro mbumbe w’igihugu (GDP).

Abenshi mu rubyiruko babufata nk’akazi gakorerwa mu cyaro cyangwa gakorwa n’abantu bakuze. Nyamara ubuhinzi bwa kinyamwuga burimo amahirwe menshi:

1. Gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kuhira, gutera no gusarura
2. Gukora ubuhinzi bw’ubucuruzi (commercial farming)
3. Gushinga inganda zitunganya umusaruro w’ubuhinzi
4. Kohereza ibikomoka ku buhinzi mu mahanga

Urubyiruko rwabyize rufite amahirwe yo kubona akazi vuba cyangwa kwihangira imirimo, cyane cyane mu gutunganya umusaruro w’ibiribwa, ubworozi bw’inkoko, ingurube, n’amafi.

2. Ubukanishi bw’imodoka zigezweho (Automotive technology)

Imodoka zigezweho zikoresha mudasobwa n’ikoranabuhanga rihambaye. Mu Rwanda, imodoka zigenda ziyongera cyane, ariko abakanishi babasha gusuzuma no gusana izi modoka zigezweho baracyari bacye.

Urubyiruko rwinshi ntiruramenya ko:

1. Amasoko y’akazi ari menshi mu ma garaje (garages) agezweho
2. Bashobora kwihangira umurimo bagafungura ahabo
3. Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zizakomeza kwiyongera

Kwiga ubukanishi bugezweho bituma umuntu aba umwe mu bantu bake bafite ubumenyi bukenewe cyane ku isoko.

3. Ubuvuzi bw’amatungo (Veterinary science)

Ubworozi mu Rwanda buragenda bwiyongera: inka, inkoko, ihene n’andi matungo. Ariko abaganga b’amatungo baracyari bake ugereranyije n’ubwiyongere bw’ubworozi.

Uyu mwuga ufite akamaro kanini:

1. Kuvura no gukingira amatungo
2. Kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’ibikomoka ku matungo
3. Gutanga inama ku borozi

Ubu u Rwanda rukeneye cyane abahanga mu bworozi bwa kijyambere, bityo abize ubuganga bw’amatungo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kubona akazi cyangwa gukora ubwabo.

4. Ububumbyi n’ubugeni gakondo (Arts & crafts)

Abantu benshi batekereza ko ububumbyi n’ubugeni ari impano gusa, atari umwuga wizewe. Nyamara ubukerarugendo n’isoko ry’ibikorerwa mu Rwanda byatumye ubugeni bugira agaciro kanini.

Ababyiga bashobora:

1. Gukora ibicuruzwa bigurishwa ku bakerarugendo
2. Gushinga inganda nto zitunganya ibihangano
3. Kwigisha abandi

Uyu mwuga ushobora kubyara amafaranga menshi cyane iyo ukozwe kinyamwuga kandi ugashyigikirwa n’isoko.

5. Ubwubatsi bwo ku rwego rwa tekiniki (Carpentry & masonry advanced)

Ubwubatsi buriyongera mu mijyi no mu cyaro. Ariko benshi mu bakora uyu mwuga babyinjiramo batabyize byimbitse, bigatuma ababyize mu mashuri ya tekiniki baba bacye.

Kwiga uyu mwuga bitanga:

1. Amahirwe yo kubona akazi mu bigo by’ubwubatsi
2. Gufungura kampani yawe
3. Gukora imishinga minini

Abize neza ubwubatsi bwa tekiniki bashobora kwinjiza amafaranga menshi kurusha abawukora nta bumenyi buhagije. Icyakora ibi si ihame, ariko niko bigenda ahenshi.

6. Ubudozi n’imideli (Fashion design)

Imyambarire mu Rwanda iratera imbere cyane, ariko abiga imyuga y’imideli mu buryo bwa kinyamwuga ntibangana n’isoko. Abenshi bigira ku giti cyabo, ntibabone amahugurwa ahagije.

Kwiga fashion design bituma:

1. Ushobora gushinga ikirango cyawe
2. Gukorana n’abahanzi n’ibigo by’imyidagaduro
3. Kwohereza imyenda mu mahanga

Isoko riri kwaguka, cyane cyane mu rubyiruko n’imyambarire y’abanyafurika.

7. Ubukorikori bwo gutunganya amajwi (Sound engineering)

Mu muziki, kuri radio, kuri televiziyo no mu birori, hakenewe abahanga mu majwi. Ariko ni bacye bajya kubyiga byimbitse.

Uyu mwuga ufite amahirwe menshi:

1. Gukora muri studio z’umuziki
2. Gukora kuri radio na televiziyo
3. Gukora mu birori n’ibitaramo

Uko inganda z’imyidagaduro zigenda zitera imbere, ni ko hakenerwa abahanga mu majwi.

8. Ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco (Cultural tourism)

U Rwanda rufite umuco ukomeye: imbyino, amateka, ubukorikori n’indangagaciro. Ariko ababyiga by’umwuga mu bukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco ni bake.

Uyu mwuga ushobora:

1. Gukurura ba mukerarugendo
2. Gushyigikira umuco nyarwanda
3. Gutanga akazi ku rubyiruko

Ni umwuga ufite ejo hazaza heza cyane.

9. Ubujyanama ku mirire (Nutrition & dietetics)

Abahanga mu mirire barakenewe mu bitaro, amashuri n’ibigo byita ku buzima. Ariko ntibamenyekana cyane.

Uyu mwuga ufasha:

1. Kurwanya indwara zituruka ku mirire mibi
2. Gutanga inama ku buzima
3. Gukorana n’ibigo by’ubuvuzi

Mu gihe abantu barushaho kwita ku buzima, uyu mwuga uzagenda ukenerwa cyane.

10. Gutunganya imyanda no kubungabunga ibidukikije (Waste & environmental management)

Imijyi irakura, imyanda iriyongera, kandi kurengera ibidukikije ni ingenzi. Ariko urubyiruko rwinshi usanga rutabira uyu mwuga.

Nyamara:

1. Hakenewe abawukora mu mijyi
2. Hari amahirwe yo gushinga ibigo bitunganya imyanda
3. Ubufasha mpuzamahanga bushyigikira imishinga y’ibidukikije

Ni umwuga w’igihe kirekire, cyane mu mijyi ikura vuba.

Umusozo

Iyi myuga yose ifite amahirwe akomeye ku isoko ry’umurimo n’ubwo idakunzwe cyane. Guhitamo umwuga ukenewe ariko udahanzweho amaso cyane bishobora gutuma urubyiruko rubona akazi vuba, rwihangira imirimo, kandi rukagira uruhare mu iterambere ry’igihugu.

Kumenya agaciro k’iyi myuga no kuyigana bishobora guhindura ubuzima bwa benshi mu rubyiruko no guteza imbere ubukungu muri rusange.