Ibintu 3 abantu batakazaho amafaranga (Ingero zifatika)

Muri iki gihe ubuzima burahenze. Iyo urebye usanga kubona amafaranga bigoye ariko kuyasohora bikaba ari ako kanya. Ariko hari n’aho ubwacu twiyongerera umutwaro iyo tudatekereje neza uburyo dukoreshamo ayo mafaranga.

Hari amafaranga asohoka buhoro buhoro ntitubibone, ariko uko iminsi igenda ihita tukisanga twarayatakaje ku bintu tutari dukeneye cyane cyangwa se bidafite umumaro rwose.

Abenshi si uko tuba twishimiye kuyatakaza, ahubwo ni ukubera ko tutita ku tuntu duto duto dutwara amafaranga yacu buri munsi.

Muri iyi nyandiko turagaruka ku bintu bimwe na bimwe abantu bakunze gutakazaho amafaranga ndetse n’uburyo umuntu ashobora kwisuzuma akamenya uko abihindura.

1. Ifatabuguzi (Subscription)

Muri iki gihe, hafi buri serivisi dukoresha ishingiye ku ifatabuguzi. Zimwe mu ngero z’ubwoko bw’ifatabuguzi ni izi:

1. Apps zo kureberaho filime nka Netflix, Amazon Prime, n’izindi
2. Apps zo kumviraho umuziki nka Spotify, Apple Music, n’izindi
3. Apps z’imyitozo ngororamubiri (Gym membership)
4. App zigufasha zo kwiga indimi nka Duolingo n’izindi
5. Imbuga nkoranyambaga zishyurwa nka X (yahoze ari Twitter), Snapchat+, LinkedIn n’izindi.
6. Ifatabuguzi kuri apps z’ubuhanzi n’ubugeni nka Canva Pro, Adobe Cloud storage), n’izindi software nyinshi zitandukanye.

Ibi byose ni byiza iyo ubikoresha pe! Ariko ikibazo kiba igihe ubikoresha rimwe na rimwe cyangwa ntunabikoreshe na rimwe kandi ufite ifatabuguzi ryabyo, ariko ugakomeza gukatwa amafaranga buri kwezi.

Biba bibi kurushaho iyo uzikoresha ari nyinshi, kuko uko ziba nyinshi ni nako amafaranga agenda ari menshi mu buryo utazi. Uti bigenda bite rero?

Uko amafaranga agenda buhoro buhoro

Iyo ufashe ifatabuguzi (Subscription) ni nk’aho uba wemeye ko buri kwezi (cyangwa buri gihe runaka) hari amafaranga azajya ava kuri konti yawe nta kukubaza utanagishijwe inama mu buryo buhoraho.

Igikunze kudushuka ni ubucye bw’amafaranga y’ifatabuguzi. Kubera ko ari amafaranga macye (nka 10,000 Frw cyangwa 15,000 Frw…), umuntu ntiyumva ako kanya ko ari menshi. Ariko iyo uteranyije ayo mafaranga mu mwaka, ushobora gusanga ari igihombo gikomeye.

Urugero rworoshye rw’igihombo wagira ku ifatabuguzi udakoresheje:

Nk’uko twabivuze hejuru, tuvuge ko ifatabuguzi rya serivisi runaka ari 10,000 Frw.

1. Mu mwaka: 10,000 Frw × 12 = 120,000 Frw
2. Niba ufite ifatabuguzi rya serivisi 3:
3. Ifatabuguzi rya serivisi zose buri kwezi: 10,000 × 3 = 30,000 Frw
4. Ifatabuguzi rya serivisi zose mu mwaka: 30,000 × 12 = 360,000 Frw mu mwaka

Wibuke ko buriya aya mafaranga inshuro nyinshi akatwa mu madolari, ni ukuvuga ko uko amafaranga y’u Rwanda atakaza agaciro niko izo serivisi ziguhenda.

Ikisumbuyeho ni uko ayo mafaranga ashobora kugufasha mu bundi buryo. :

1. Gutangira umushinga muto
2. Kwishyura amasomo runaka
3. Kugura ikintu gikomeye wari ukeneye

Ariko aho kugufasha gutera imbere, aba agenda bucece ku buryo byanaguteza igihombo gikomeye ahubwo. Ni nk’aho uba uhombye 2

Impamvu abantu bakomeza gutakaza amafaranga ku ifatabuguzi bafashe

1. Kwizera ko “azarikoresha vuba”. Umuntu akavuga ati: “Reka ntegereze ukwezi kumwe, nzatangira gym.” Ariko ukwezi kugashira ntacyo ukoze.
2. Kutagenzura konti ya banki. Hari abatazi neza ko amafaranga akatwa y’ifatabuguzi byikora (automatic payment).
3. Gutinya kurihagarika. Hari abumva ko kurihagarika ari nko gutsindwa cyangwa kureka intego bari bihaye cyangwa se kubera ko bumva ko baba batakaje ikintu cy’ingenzi.

Ariko mu by’ukuri, guhagarika ifatabuguzi udakoresha si ubugwari ni icyemezo cy’ubwenge kuko kutarihagarika ni ko guhomba.

Uburyo bworoshye bwo kwisuzuma

Burya kugira ngo umenye ko ifatabuguzi ntacyo rikumariye bisaba ko wongera ukisuzuma. Niba ushaka kwisuzuma ibaze ibi bibazo bitatu:

1. Ni ryari mperukira gukoresha iri fatabuguzi?
2. Ndarikoresha mu buryo buhoraho (tuvuge nibura inshuro 3 cyangwa 4 mu kwezi)?
3. Mbaye ntarigira hari icyo byahindura ku buzima bwanjye bwa buri munsi?

Niba ibisubizo ari “oya” cyangwa harimo ibyo ushidikanya birashoboka ko udakeneye kurigumana.

Icyo wakora kugira ngo wirinde gutakaza amafaranga ku ifatabuguzi

• Jya usuzuma konti yawe nibura rimwe mu mezi 3
• Andika amafatabuguzi yose ufite n’amafaranga agutwara
• Hagarika izo udakoresha mu minsi 30 ishize
• Banza ugerageze iryo fatabuguzi nk’ukwezi mbere yo kwishyura umwaka wose

Ushobora no gushyiraho umunsi wihariye (nko ku itariki ya 1 buri kwezi) wo gusuzuma uko amafaranga yawe agenda.

Isomo rikuru

Ntituvuze ko ifatabuguzi iryo ari ryo ryose ari ribi kuko hari n’iriba ari ngombwa cyane. Ikibi ni kwishyura ikintu kitakugirira umumaro.

Iyo ufashe umwanya wo kugenzura no kureka gukoresha izidakenewe, uba utangiye kubaka umuco wo gucunga neza umutungo wawe, kandi ubuzima bwawe bukagenda burushaho kumera neza.

2. Kugura kubera ibigezweho cyangwa igitutu

Muri iki gihe cy’imbuga nkoranyambaga, ibintu bishya bisohoka buri munsi kandi biroroshye no kubimenya.

Iyo ugiye kuri Instagram cyangwa TikTok, usanga abantu benshi berekana ibintu runaka bishya ndetse banabitaka, bigasa n’aho ari ngombwa ko nawe ubigira.

Uyu munsi ni telefoni nshya, ejo ni inkweto zidasanzwe, ejobundi ni ibirungo by’uburanga (makeup) cyangwa udukoresho tugezweho (gadgets) runaka.

Ariko hari itandukaniro rikomeye hagati yo gukenera ikintu no kugishaka kubera ko kiri kuvugwa (byacitse).

Umunyarwanda yaravuze ati – Ibishashagirana byose ntabwo ari zahabu

Uko bikugiraho ingaruka utabizi

Ibigezweho (Trends) cyane cyane muri ibihe by’imbuga nkoranyambaga bigira imbaraga ahaninin kubera ibintu bitatu:

1. Kuba buri wese ari kuvuga ku kintu gishya cyasohotse: Iyo ubona abantu benshi bafite ikintu kimwe, wumva ko hashobora kuba hari impamvu yo kugitunga. Ibi ni nabyo bivamo impamvu ya kabiri.
2. Kugira ubwoba bwo gusigara inyuma (FOMO – Fear of Missing Out): Wumva ko nutagura ikintu bagenzi bawe, abantu ukurikira, cyangwa bagukurikira bafite isi iraba ikurangiriyeho. Mbese ko hari ikintu gikomeye uraba ucikanwe.
3. Kwigana abandi: Iyo umuntu wubaha cyangwa ukunda afite ikintu gishya, wumva nawe ugomba gukora uko ushoboye ukakibona.
4. Igitutu (peer pressure): Bagenzi bawe bakakumvisha ko wasigaye inyuma kubera udafite ikintu runaka.

Akenshi ibi nanone bikunze guterwa n’impamvu z’amareshyamugeni. Urugero:

1. Kugura kubera ko igiciro cyagabanyijwe (discount)
2. Kugura nk’imyambaro cyangwa ibindi bikoresho kubera ko bisa neza ku bandi.
3. Kugura kuko babonye amafaranga kuri konti utari wateganyije cyangwa utateganyirije. Wenda umuntu akwishyuye wari uzi ko yakwambuye ukumva ko ari nk’amafaranga y’ubuntu.

Ariko ikibazo ni uko ibyo biba bigezweho (trends) bitaramba, biza vuba kandi bikanashira vuba, ndetse atari n’ibintu nkenerwa cyane. Icyari “icyiza kurusha ibindi” uyu munsi, ejo kiba cyataye agaciro kandi ukaba utagaruza amafaranga cyagutwaye.

Ikindi, abantu benshi bafite imyambaro myinshi batambara kubera ubwinshi bwayo ariko bagakomeza kugura indi mishya uko igenda igerwaho.

Ibi bituma amafaranga agenda ku bintu mu buryo butumvikana kandi buteza igihombo.

Ingaruka zo gukoresha amafaranga yawe kubera ibigezweho cyangwa igitutu

1. Usanga warakoresheje amafaranga adahwanye n’imibereho yawe.
2. Nyuma y’amezi make usanga icyo kintu kitakigezweho nta n’uburyo wakibyaza andi mafaranga.
3. Rimwe na rimwe ugatangira kwicuza ariko amafaranga aba yaramaze kugenda.

Urugero:

Reka tuvuge ko wagura telefoni nshya kuko iri kuvugwa cyane kandi igura 500,000 Frw, nyamara telefoni asanganywe yari igikora neza kandi ikora byose wasanga muri iyo ihenze.

Nyuma y’amezi 6, hasohoka indi nshya iruta iyo waguze. None se uzongera ugure indi? Ibyo ni uruhererekane rudashira rwo gukoresha amafaranga ku byishimo by’igihe gito.

Hari abantu bafite imyenda, gadgets cyangwa ibikoresho bitandukanye batigeze bakoresha, kubera ko babiguze mu gihe cy’inkubiri y’ibigezweho.

Uburyo bwo kwirinda kugwa mu mutego w’ibigezweho n’igitutu

• Ibaze uti: “Iki kintu ndagikeneye koko cyangwa ndakigura kuko kiri kuvugwa?”
• Tegereza nibura iminsi 7 mbere yo kugura ikintu kitihutirwa. Nyuma y’iyo minsi ubaye ugikeneye koko, ushobora kukigura.
• Reba niba gihuye n’ingengo y’imari yawe.
• Shyira imbere ibyo ukeneye kurusha ibyo ushaka.

Ibi byagufasha cyane. Hari n’ubwo utegereza iminsi mike kugira ngo amashyushyu agabanuke, ukabona ko utari ukeneye icyo kintu.

Isomo rikubiyemo hano

Kuba ikintu kiri ku isoko ntibisobanuye ko ari ngombwa kuri wowe.

Gucunga amafaranga bisaba kugira umutima ukomeye wo kuvuga “oya” no kwigomwa ibintu bimwe na bimwe by’igihe gito, kugira ngo “yego” yawe ijye ku bintu bifite agaciro karambye.

Inama:

1. Gura igikoresho gihwanye n’ubushobozi bwawe.
2. Jya ugura igikoresho ubona ko gikenewe mu buryo burambye, urugero ni umwenda wo kwambara bitari bwa rimwe.
3. Mbere yo kugura, ibaze niba koko icyo gikoresho ari nkenerwa kandi ko bikwiye ko ugitangaho amafaranga ushobora no kuba wavunikiye (Yego! Aka wa mubyeyi, uba wayakobokeye).

3. Ibirori bya hato na hato

Kwishimisha ni ingenzi mu buzima. Umuntu akeneye gusohoka, guhura n’incuti, kwidagadura no kuruhura mu mutwe.

Ariko ikibazo gitangira igihe kwishimisha bihinduka umuco wa buri weekend cyangwa ukumva ko buri kintu cyose kigomba gusozwa n’ibirori.

Iyo ugiye mu birori rimwe na rimwe, ntacyo bitwaye. Ariko iyo biba buri cyumweru cyangwa kenshi mu kwezi, amafaranga agenderamo aba ari menshi cyane kurusha uko ushobora kubitekereza.

Aho amafaranga ashobora kugendera muri ibyo birori

Mu birori, amafaranga agenda ku bintu byinshi:

• Ibyo kunywa no kurya
• Ingendo (moto, taxi, lisansi)
• Imyambaro mishya cyangwa inkweto nshya
• Makeup (ibirungo by’uburanga) cyangwa gutunganya umusatsi
• Impano (ku birori nk’isabukuru, ubukwe n’ibindi)

Buri kimwe muri ibi gisa n’aho kidahenze cyane. Ariko iyo uteranyije ayo mafaranga ku kwezi, usanga ari menshi cyane.

Urugero:

1. Weekend imwe: 25,000 Frw
2. Mu kwezi (weekend 4): 100,000 Frw
3. Mu mwaka: 1,200,000 Frw

Ayo mafaranga ashobora:

1. Gutangira umushinga muto
2. Kugufasha kuzigama
3. Kwishyura amahugurwa cyangwa kongera ubumenyi

Ariko iyo agenda ku birori gusa, ntaba akigufashije mu gihe kizaza. Icyakora kwigobotora ibi ukaba wavuga “oya” bikunze no kuba atari ibintu byoroshye kubera impamvu zitandukanye.

Impamvu bigora kwigobotora cyangwa kuvuga “oya” ku birori

1. Igitutu cy’inshuti: Umuntu aba avuga ati: “Nibatambona bazavuga ko nitandukanyije nabo.”
2. Gushaka kwigaragaza: Hari igihe umuntu ajya mu birori atari uko abyifuza, ahubwo ashaka kugaragara atitaye ku ngano y’amafaranga bimusaba.
3. Kuba ari umuco cyangwa ingeso: Iyo umuntu yamenyereye gusohoka buri weekend, biragorana kubihagarika.

Ariko ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ejo hazaza hawe hatubakira ku mafoto yo mu birori cyangwa ko bakogeje, ahubwo hubakira ku byemezo ufata uyu munsi.

Inama nyamukuru

Ntabwo inama nyamukuru ari uguhagarika kwishima. Ariko si ngombwa ngo bigusabe ibya mirenge cyangwa amadeni.

Niba ushaka ejo hazaza heza, ntukwiye kubyubakira ku byishimo by’igihe gito gusa. Kwishima ni ingenzi ariko ntibigomba gushyira ejo hazaza hawe mu kangaratete.

Uburyo bwo kwishima utisenya

• Hitamo ibirori bifite agaciro kuri wowe. Si ngombwa kujya ahantu hose utumiwe.
• Shyiraho ingengo y’imari yo kwishimisha. Niba wiyemeje ko ari 40,000 Frw ku kwezi, ntuyarenze.
• Wige kwishima udakoresheje amafaranga menshi. Ushobora gusura incuti, gutembera, gukora sport, cyangwa kuganira n’abo ukunda nta mafaranga menshi asohotse. Ushobora no gusoma Menya.co.rw muri weekend bikagenda neza

Kwishimisha si ugukoresha amafaranga menshi. Ni uko uhitamo kubikora ukoresha neza ayo ufite unashyira mu gaciro ubushobozi bwawe.

Umusozo

Amafaranga menshi atakara ku tuntu duto tutatekerejweho nk’ifatabuguzi, ibirori bya hato na hato cyangwa se imyambaro ya buri uko uciye ku isoko.

Iyo utangiye kugenzura utwo tuntu duto uba utangiye urugendo rwo gucunga neza amafaranga yawe.

Gupfusha ubusa amafaranga si buri gihe biba ku bintu binini. Akenshi ni ku tuntu duto dukorwa buri munsi.

Iyo witaye ku ikoreshwa ry’amafaranga yawe, ushobora: Kuzigama, gutegura ejo hazaza, kuticuza bya hato na hato ndetse no kugira amahoro mu mutima.

Ikibazo si uko abantu badashaka gutera imbere. Akenshi ni uko badakurikirana neza aho amafaranga yabo anyura. Amafaranga menshi ntatakarira rimwe; agenda gake gake, buri munsi, mu byemezo bito bitatekerejweho.

Icy’ingenzi si ukwihima cyangwa guhagarika kwishimisha. Icy’ingenzi ni:

1. Kumenya gutandukanya icyo ukeneye n’icyo ushaka
2. Kugira gahunda y’ingengo y’imari
3. Gusuzuma buri gihe aho amafaranga yawe agenda
4. Kuvuga “oya” ku bintu bisaba amafaranga kandi bidafite agaciro

Iyo utangiye kugenzura utuntu duto, uba utangiye kubaka umusingi ukomeye w’ejo hawe. Kuzigama ntibitangira ku mafaranga menshi burya bihera kuri cya 1,000 Frw usagura buri minsi 2.

Niba ushaka ubuzima butekanye, butagira igitutu cy’amafaranga, tangira uyu munsi urebe utuntu duto usanzwe utibazaho ko ntacyo dutwaye kuko ari two kenshi dutwara byinshi.