Ibirunga bifite imiterere itangaje bitewe n’uburyo biba bimeze cyangwa uburyo biteye. Cyane cyane igitangaza abantu benshi ni uburyo mu mbere h’ibirunga haturukamo umuriro uri ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru utemba nk’igikoma.
Ahantu ibikoma by’ikirunga byageze havugwa izindi nkuru, hahita hahindura isura kuko uyu muriro ntacyo usiga mu nzira.
Muri iyi minsi, mu mujyi wa Goma muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC) abantu batari bacye bakuwe mu byabo n’ikiza cyatewe no kuruka kw’ikirunga cya Nyiragongo.
Ibi bisa n’aho byatunguranye; byabaye ngombwa ko abantu bari baturiye iki kirunga bava mu byabo bagahunga, kuko ikiza ni ikintu mutajya inama.
Indi nkuru wasoma: Ibintu 5 bihamya ko isi ari umubumbe udasanzwe
Ese ni iki gitera ikirunga kuruka? Reka turebe ibitera ikirunga icyo aricyo cyose kuruka, kuko uburyo bijyendamo ni bumwe usibye itandukaniro rito cyane.
Imiterere y’ikirunga
Isi ni umubumbe udahwema gukora. Ibirunga byahozeho mu ma miliyari y’imyaka ishize na mbere y’uko umuntu asobanukirwa ibyerekeranye nabyo.
Ikirunga ni nk’umusozi iyo ukirebye, ariko umusozi utandukanye n’indi dusanzwe tuzi kubera ko gikora nk’inzira ituma ibintu biri mu nda y’isi bisohoka.
Indi nkuru wasoma: Imijyi ifite imyihariko utasanga ahandi ku isi
Nanone kandi ibirunga byose siko biba bifite ubushobozi bwo kuruka. Hari ibyiciro bitatu bitandukanye by’ibirunga, ibirunga bigaragaza ibimenyetso byo kuruka mu gihe cya vuba (active), ibigaragaza ibimenyetso byo kuzaruka mu gihe kirekire kiri imbere (dormant) n’ibyazimye (extinct).
Ese ikirunga kivuka gute?
Ikirunga kivuka bitewe no kwikusanya kw’ibikoma bituruka mu nda y’isi bizwi nka Magma (igihe bikiri mu nda y’isi) cyangwa Lava (igihe byasohotse hanze).
Ni ukuvuga ko uko ikirunga gikomeza kuruka kenshi kirushaho kujyenda gikura kubera uko kwikusanya kw’ibyo bikoma bigiturukamo.
Indi nkuru wasoma: Ese umuntu abaho ate mu buzima bwe bwose?
Icyakora rimwe na rimwe ikirunga gushobora kuruka kubera imbaraga ibigiturutsemo bizanye bigatuma nacyo ubwacyo cyangirika, ubu nibwo buryo gishobora kuganyuka.
Kubera kwikusanya bigakora ishusho y’umusozi ariko ufite igice kimeze nk’umwobo (opening) ariwo uturukamo ibikoma bishyushye.
Ikirunga kiruka biturutse ku ki?
Kubera ko mu nda y’isi haba ubushyuhe bukabije, bitera amabuye amwe n’amwe gushonga agahinduka nk’igikoma aricyo kitwa magma.
Muri icyo gihe ibyo bikoma birazamuka bikajyera hejuru (kubera ko biba bitaremereye nk’amabuye) bikihuriza hamwe (magma chambers). Ibi byumba magma zijyamo bikunze kuboneka munsi y’ubutaka bw’ibirunga.
Indi nkuru wasoma: Imijyi ikuze kurusha indi ku isi
Noneho igihe iyo kigeze bishobora gupfumura bigasohoka munsi y’ubutaka biciye muri wa mwobo w’ikirunga bikajyera hanze aricyo gitera ikirunga kuruka. Ibirunga biruka mu buryo butandukanye.
Ibirunga biruka mu buryo butandukanye, bishobora kuruka ibikoma bishyushye bijyenda bitemba, hari ibishobora kuruka umwotsi ndetse n’ivumbi rivanze n’amabuye.
Ubu nibwo bwoko bw’iruka ry’ibirunga; Hawaiian Eruption, Strombolian Eruption, Vulcanian Eruption, Plinian Eruption, Lava Domes, Surtseyan Eruption.
Umusozo
Kuruka kw’ibirunga bishobora gutera ibiza n’impanuka zikomeye harimo nko gusenya ibikorwaremezo, rimwe na rimwe no kubura ubuzima igihe bitunguranye.
Icyakora ubungubu kubera iterambere ntago ibirunga bihitana abantu benshi bitewe n’uko ibipimo bishobora kugereranya igihe ikirunga giteganya kuruka. Ketse izindi mpanuka zitandukanye zishamikiyeho (nko mu guhunga).
Indi nkuru wasoma: Impanuka za mbere zikomeye ku isi zatewe n’inganda
Niba ukunda inyandiko za Menya ushobora kujya umenyeshwa muri Email yawe mu gihe inyandiko nshya zasohotse bitakugoye. Nyura muri form iri munsi!
