Buri mwaka, abanyeshuri benshi barangiza ibyiciro by’amashuri mato bagatangira urugendo rushya rwo kujya mu mashuri yisumbuye cyangwa muri kaminuza. Iyi iba ari intambwe ikomeye mu buzima bwabo kuko nibwo bahitamo ishuri n’icyo bagomba kwiga. Rero iki cyiciro gikunze kurangwa n’ibyishimo, inzozi n’icyizere cy’ejo hazaza.
Hari abanyeshuri batangira amashuri bishimye kubera amatsiko n’amashyushyu yo kunguka ubumenyi bushya kandi bushobora kuzabagirira akamaro mu buzima.
Bamwe muri bo batungurwa no kubona imyaka yose bamaze bavunika basoma, bihugura ariko bikarangira ibyo bibwiraga bihabanye cyane n’ukuri. Hari abisanga amasomo bahisemo adahuye n’intego zabo cyangwa ubushobozi bwabo, ndetse hari n’abagera aho batekereza kuva mu ishuri.
Ibi bibazo akenshi bishingira ku cyemezo n’isesengura ridahagije mu guhitamo ishuri.
Guhitamo ishuri ni icyemezo umunyeshuri afata kikagena byinshi ku rugendo rwe. Nk’urugero, amasomo aziga, imibereho azabamo muri iryo shuri, abanyeshuri azahura na bo, ndetse n’ibyo azakora kugira ngo agere ku nzozi ze.
N’ubwo ishuri umuntu yigaho rigira uruhare muri ibyo byose, hari abakomeza gukora amakosa igihe bahitamo amashuri.
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Aya ni amwe mu makosa akunze kugaragara mu guhitamo amashuri. Ikindi kandi turareba uko aya makosa ashobora kwirindwa.
Guhitamo ishuri kubera incuti
Bamwe mu banyeshuri bahitamo ishuri bakurikiye aho incuti zabo zigiye kwiga.
Ahanini biterwa n’uko baba bumva badashaka gutandukana na zo kuko bamenyeranye, ibyo bikabatera guhitamo amasomo rimwe na rimwe batazi icyo azabamarira.
Buri muntu agira intego n’ubushobozi bwe. Guhitamo ishuri kubera ko incuti ariho ziga ntibivuze ko umunyeshuri akunze ibyo yiga. Ashobora kuba yishimiye abo bari kumwe ariko akajya mu ishami cyangwa amasomo adakunda yewe atanamwroheye.
Ingaruka ni uko byamuviramo gucika intege no kudatsinda neza mu masomo. N’ubwo incuti ari ingenzi, ejo hazaza n’akamaro k’ibyo umunyeshuri yiga nibyo bikwiye guhabwa umwanya wa mbere.
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Ni ngombwa rero ko hafatwa icyemezo hashingiwe ku byo yifuza kugeraho, ubushobozi bwe n’intego ze bwite.
Kutamenya ibyo ushoboye n’ibyo ukunda
Hari abanyeshuri bahitamo amasomo batitaye ku byo bakunda cyangwa bashoboye, ahubwo bagakurikira ibyo babwiwe n’abandi cyangwa ibyo bumvise ahandi.
Kubera izi mpamvu, rimwe na rimwe bafata imyanzuro itajyanye n’ubushobozi bwabo n’ibyo bifuza kugeraho cyangwa gukora.
Turanabyumva ko hari izindi nzitizi zishobora kwitambika ubwigenge bw’umunyeshuri mu guhitamo icyo ashaka nk’amikoro cyangwa ubwoko bw’amasomo.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku banyeshuri mu Rwanda bugaragaza ko intumbero zishobora kugira uruhare rwa 14.5% ku mwete umunyeshuri agira mu masomo.
Iyo umunyeshuri agiye mu masomo atajyanye n’ibyo akunda, ibyari ukwiyungura ubumenyi bihinduka umutwaro.
Nk’urugero, ashobora kwibaza impamvu yo kwiga akayibura, bikanamutera gutsindwa cyangwa kudatera imbere uko bikwiye.
Ibi bishobora no kumuviramo kwiyumvamo ko adashoboye, nyamara ikibazo kiri mu mahitamo atajyanye n’ubushobozi bwe.
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Guhitamo ibijyanye n’ibyo akunda anashoboye, bifasha umunyeshuri kwiga afite ubushake bikanamutera imbaraga zo kugera ku ntego ze.
Kutamenya neza ishuri
Amwe mu mashuri amenyekana kubera inyubako nziza, cyangwa kugira izina rizwi cyane.
Ibi bikururira bamwe mu banyeshuri kuyahitamo bashingiye kuri ayo makuru, bibwira ko kujya muri ayo mashuri byonyine bihagije kugira ngo batsinde neza.
Nibyo koko izina ry’ishuri rifite agaciro mu kugaragaza urwego rwaryo, ariko hari ibindi bikwiye gushingirwaho mu kurihitamo.
Ishuri rishobora kuba rifite izina rikomeye, ariko imyigishirize, amasomo ritanga, cyangwa uburyo rifasha abanyeshuri baryigamo ntibihure n’ibyo umunyeshuri akeneye ku giti cye.
Hari ibindi bintu by’ingenzi bikwiye kwitabwaho mu guhitamo ishuri. Bimwe muri ibyo ni nk’aho riherereye, ibyo akunda, ndetse n’imibereho y’abanyeshuri baryo.
Urugero, umwana ufite uburwayi bufite aho buhuriye n’imbeho kwiga mu gace gakonja cyane byamugora n’ubwo yaba yiga ku kigo rifite ireme ry’uburezi rihanitse.
Nanone, nk’umwana ashobora kwiga ku ishuri rifite ireme ry’uburezi akaba yiga ibyo adakunze cyangwa adashoboye.
Ubundi bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Rwanda bugaragaza ko umuryango mugari, ibikorwaremezo, ndetse n’ibikoresho by’ishuri bigira uruhare mu myigire y’abanyeshuri. Ubu bushakashatsi bugaragaza kandi ko nk’abarimu ari ngombwa cyane.
Rero iyo kimwe kitameze neza, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku myigire y’umunyeshuri.
Ni ngombwa guhitamo ishuri utagendeye ku ishusho rusange yaryo. Ahubwo akiga ku ishuri rijyanye n’ibyo akeneye n’ubushobozi bwe kuko byongera amahirwe yo gutsinda.
Kudashaka amakuru ahagije mbere yo guhitamo
Iri ni rimwe mu makosa akunze kuba ku banyeshuri. Hari abashingira ku byo bumvise gusa, ku bitekerezo by’abandi, cyangwa ku makuru make bumvise ariko ntibafate akanya gahagije ko gusesengura no gukora ubushakashatsi.
Ibi bishobora gutuma umunyeshuri ajya ku ishuri ugasanga ntazi neza icyo azamaza ubumenyi bw’ibyo aziga cyangwa n’uko yatekerezaga aho agiye kwiga.
Aha niho usanga umunyeshuri yicuza icyemezo yafashe, ndetse rimwe na rimwe bikagera aho atekereza guhindura ishuri, bikamutwara igihe n’amafaranga.
Gufata umwanya wo gushaka amakuru ahagije byafasha umunyeshuri gufata icyemezo gishingiye kubyifuzo n’ubushobozi bwe.
Umusozo
Ku munyeshuri, guhitamo ishuri ni igikorwa cy’ingenzi cyane ahubwo kinafite uruhare runini ku hazaza he. Icyo cyemezo kigira ingaruka ku bumenyi azunguka, ku mahirwe azabona mu buryo bw’akazi n’imibereho, ndetse no ku iterambere rye muri rusange.
Ni ngombwa kwirinda gufata kidahwanye n’intumbero, ubushobozi cyangwa akamaro amasomo azagirira umunyeshuri we bwite.
Amakosa akorwa n’abanyeshuri mu guhitamo amashuri ashobora kwirindwa binyuze mu gufata umwanya uhagije wo gusesengura no gutekereza neza mbere yo gufata icyemezo.
Byongeye kandi, n’iyo byaba byarabayeho gufata icyemezo kitari cyo, birashoboka guhindura umuvuno.
Guhindura icyerekezo cyangwa gufata indi nzira bijyanye n’intego z’umunyeshuri ni ikimenyetso cyo kugira inyota n’inzozi no kumenya ikimubereye; kandi kimufasha mu kubaka ejo hazaza yifuza.
Hari irindi kosa rishobora gutuma umunyeshuri yisanga ari kwiga ahantu adakunze cyangwa adashaka?
Reka dusangire ijambo mu gice cya comments munsi y’iyi nyandiko.
