Mu gihe iterambere ku isi ririmbanyije, ahanini usanga ikibigaragaza ari imijyi igezweho irimo inyubako ndetse n’imihanda y’akataraboneka.
Menya uyu munsi yakuzaniye imishinga 10 y’ubwubatsi yashowemo akayabo k’amafaranga cyangwa se ihenze kurusha indi yose ku isi.
Uraza gusanga ahanini muri iyi mishinga higanjemo imbaraga z’amafaranga ya peteroli y’Abarabu kuko imyinshi muri iyi mishinga iri gukorerwa mu bihugu by’Abarabu.
Imishinga 10 y’ubwubatsi ihenze kurusha indi ku isi
11. Al Maktoum International Airport, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Abarabu: Miliyari 82 z’Amadolari
Leta zunze ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE) zatangiye kwagura ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Al Maktoum International Airport cyangwa se Dubai World Central kibarizwa mu muhyi Dubai.
Ibi bikorwa bizahita bituma gihita kiba ikibuga cy’indege kinini ku isi gikureho agahigo ka King Fahd International Airport yo mur Arabiya Sawudite.
Iyi mirimo irangiye iki kibuga kizaba kinafite ubushobozi bwo kwakira abagenzi barenga miliyoni 120 buri mwaka.
Cyari giteganijwe kurangira mu 2025, icyakora nyuma yo gufunga imyaka kubera icyorezo cya COVID-19 imirimo izongera gufungura 2022 binasobanuye ko kizatinda kurangira.
Iyi mirimo yose izatwara amafaranga arenga miliyari 82 z’amadolari ($82 bn).
10. High Speed 2, Ubwongereza: Miliyari 94.8 z’Amadolari
Imwe mu mishinga ihenze cyane y’Uburayi kugeza, umuyoboro wa gariyamoshi witwa UK’s High Speed 2 (HS2) network wagombaga guhuza London n’imijyi ya Manchester na Leeds.
Uyu muhanda ukazubakwa mu byiciro bibiri. Icyiciro cya mbere, gihuza London na Birmingham, giteganijwe kurangira hagati ya 2028-2031.
Icyiciro cya kabiri, kizafatira ku mujyi Manchester gihuze Nottingham na Derby aho kuba Leeds, ibi birashoboka ko ibi bitazarangira munsi y’umwaka wa 2040.
Icyakora raporo nshya za 2020 zerekana ko hakenewe izindi miliyoni 800 z’amapound ($ 1.1bn) kuri uyu mushinga wari uteganijwe gutwara arenga miliyari 94 z’amadolari ($94 bn).
9. Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project, Ubuhinde: Miliyari 100 z’Amadolari
N’ubwo ubuhinde ari kimwe mu bihugu bifite abaturage benshi ku isi nyuma y’ubushinwa nabyo bigifasha mu buryo butandukanye kuko iki gihugu gifite umushinga ukomeye.
Iki gihugu cyatangije umushinga wo kubaka wiswe Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project Uyu mushinga w’ubwubatsi w’akataraboneka ukubiyemo uduce 24 tw’ishoramari, imigi umunani igezweho, imishinga itanu y’ingufu (z’amashanyarazi), ibibuga by’indege bibiri, n’ibindi bikorwa bitandukanye bizaba bikubiye muri uyu mushinga.
Yatangijwe nk’umushinga uhuriweho na guverinoma y’Ubuhinde n’Ubuyapani mu 2006. Uyu mushinga uzakorwa mu byiciro bine, byose byose hamwe bizatwara miliyari 100 z’amadorari ($100 bn). Uyu mushinga ukaba uzasozwa mu 2037.
8. King Abdullah Economic City, Arabiya Sawudite: Miliyari 100 z’Amadolari
Uyu mujyi witiriwe umwami Abdullah kandi uzaba wibanda cyane ku bikorwa bucuruzi, uburezi, uyu mujyi mushya wo muri Arabiya Sawudite uzaba uruta umujyi wa Washington.
Uyu mujyi uzaba uri ku buso bwa kilometero kare 173 (173 sq km). N’ubwo uyu mujyi utuwe n’abaturage 7,000 gusa muri 2018, biteganijwe ko mu 2035 uzaba utuwe n’abaturage miliyoni zirindwi.
Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’uyu mushingwa karundura ryashyizwe ku mugaragaro mu mwaka wa 2005, ubu bikaba biteganijwe ko uzarangira mu 2029.
Ibikorwa byose bikaba bizatwara akayabo ka miliyari 100 z’amadolari ($100 bn) yose hamwe.
7. Forest City, Maleziya: Miliyari 100 z’Amadolari
Umushinga uhuriweho n’Ubushinwa na Maleziya wo kubaka Umujyi wa Forest uzaba ugizwe n’ibirwa bine byakozwe n’abantu hafi yumujyi.
Uyu mujyi w’ibidukikije uzagira ubuso bungana na kilometero kare 14 kandi uzagaragaramo inyubako zitwikiriwe n’amashyamba.
Uyu mujyi w’akataraboneka uzakira abantu basaga 700,000 mu gihe ikirwa cya kane kizaba cyuzuye mu mwaka wa 2035.
Nubwo bitarangiye, inyubako zigera ku 15,000 zimaze kubakwa magingo aya. Uyu mujyi uzatwara akayabo ka Miliyari 100 z’amadolari y’Amerika ($100 bn).
Forest City imaze gutsindira ibihembo byinshi, nka Global Model of Coastal Ecological Environment Protection yatsindiye imyaka 5 yikurikiranya.
6. Silk City, Kowete: Miliyari 132 z’Amadolari
Kowete iri gukora umushinga “Madinat al-Hareer” uzaba nanone uzwi ku izina rya Silk City nka kimwe mu bice bya China Belt and Road Initiative turi buze kuvugaho nyuma.
Uyu mujyi uzaba wubatse ku buso bwa kilometero kare 250.
Uyu mujyi uzaba urimo icyambu n’inzu yitwa “The Burj Mubarak Al Kabir tower” izaba ipima mitero igihumbi n’imwe (1,001m).
Iyi nzu izaba ikuyeho agahigo ka Burj Khalifa iri muri Dubai ipima metero 829 (829m) gusa nta izaba ari inzu ndende ku isi kuko hari indi mishinga ikomeye y’amazu maremare iteganyijwe.
Ibi bikorwa bizatwara miliyari 132 z’amadolari ($132 bn)
5. Gulf Railway, Ibihugu by’ikigobe cya Peresi: Miliyari 250 z’Amadolari
Gulf Railway ni inzira ya gariyamoshi izaba ihuza ibihugu bigize Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), ikazaba ifite uburebure bwa kilometero 2,177 km.
Iyi nzira izakorwa mu bice bibiri, igice cya mbere gihuza Arabiya Sawudite, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Abarabu na Oman kizasozwa mu 2023.
Igice cya kabiri cyo giteganyijwe kurangira mu 2025 kizaba gihuza ibihugu bya Arabiya Sawudite, Kowete na Bahrain.
Uyu mushinga uzatwara akayabo ka miliyari 250 z’amadolari ($250 bn)
4. Urban Renewal Project, Turukiya: Miliyari 400 z’Amadolari
Turukiya ni igihugu kibasirwa cyane n’imitingito, bityo rero guverinoma ya Turukiya yakoze umushinga witwa “Urban Renewal Project”.
Uyu mushinga uzaba ugamije gusenya burundu inzu zigaragara ko zishobora kwangizwa byoroshye n’umutingito zigasimbuzwa inzu zishobora guhangana nawo.
Hazubaka inzu zirenga miliyoni hagati y’imwe n’igice n’ebyiri, uyu mushinga uzamara igihe cy’imyaka 5.
Uyu mushinga urabarirwa mu kayabo ka miliyari hagati ya 450 na 500 z’amadolari ($450-500 bn) kugira ngo hubakwe amazu ashobora guhangana n’iyi mitingito.
3. NEOM, Arabiya Sawudite: Miliyari 500 z’Amadolari
NEOM bisobanuye “Ahazaza hashya (New Future)” ni umushinga uri gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu gihugu cya Arabiya Sawudite.
Umujyi wa NEOM uzaba ukubiyemo imjyi mito n’iminini, ibyambu, ibyanya byahariwe ishoramari n’inganda. Uyu mujyi uzaba utuwe mu mwaka wa 2030.
Uyu mujyi ushobora gukoresha imbaraga zisubiramo (renewable energy sources), ukaba uzatwara akayabo ka miliyari 500 z’amadolari ($500 bn).
2. TEN-T Network, Uburayi: Miliyari 550 z’Amadolari
Umuryango wunze ubumwe bw’uburayi (European Union) uri gutegura umushinga w’akataraboneka witwa “Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T)”.
Uyu mushinga watangajwe ku mugaragaro n’inteko y’uyu muryango mu mwaka wa 1995 ariko wemezwa mu 1996.
Uyu mushinga uzaba ukubiyemo amoko yose y’ubwikorezi n’ingendo harimo ibyambu, ibibuga by’indehe (indege), ndetse n’imihanda ya gariyamoshi, ndetse n’imodoka.
Uyu mushinga uzaba uhuriweho n’ibihugu 27 by’uyu muryango, uyu mushinga uteganyijwe kurangira mu 2030. Wose hamwe ukazatwara miliyari 550 z’amadolari ($550 bn)
1. Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), Isi yose: Tiliyari 8 z’Amadolari
Ubushinwa buhorana udushya mu bwubatsi, navuga ko aribwo bufite umushinga w’ubwubatsi uhenze kurusha indi yose ku isi.
Ubushinwa bugiye gukora umushinga w’umuhanda kabuhariwe uzazenguruka Aziya, Afurika ndetse n’uburayi, uyu muhanda uzaca mu bihugu 64 uzwi ku izina rya Belt and Road Initiative.
Uyu muhanda uzatwara akayabo ka tiliyari 8 z’amadolari ($8 tn) – ubwo ni miliyari ibihumbi 8 ukaba uzuzura mu 2050.
